Top 9 Alternatives to Ventolin for Asthma Relief in 2024
Oct, 19 2024
Navigating the vast world of asthma treatments can be daunting, especially when you are looking for alternatives to a popular solution like Ventolin. Today, we'll explore nine viable alternatives that offer different benefits and considerations, catering to a variety of needs. Whether you're seeking eco-friendliness, over-the-counter availability, or looking for a solution that works with a nebulizer, there's an option for you.
With asthma affecting a significant portion of the population, having access to diverse medicinal approaches is crucial. Each alternative has its unique pros and cons, and understanding these can guide you to the best choice for your symptoms and lifestyle. Let's dive into these options and see which one might be the perfect fit for you.
- Salamol
- Proventil HFA
- ProAir RespiClick
- Xopenex HFA
- Bricanyl Turbohaler
- Levalbuterol nebulizer solution
- Asthmanefrin
- Primatene Mist
- Albuterol nebulizer solution
- Conclusion
Salamol: A Greener Alternative to Ventolin
Stepping into the realm of asthma treatments, Salamol emerges as a fascinating option for those seeking an environmentally conscious choice. This inhaler is not just another face in the crowd of Ventolin alternatives; it proudly supports an eco-friendly approach by significantly reducing carbon emissions. Borne from the same active ingredient, salbutamol, Salamol offers a comforting familiarity to those already accustomed to Ventolin. Yet, it is its environmental edge that sets it apart, boasting a reduced carbon footprint in a world increasingly aware of climate challenges. This shift aligns with the growing demand among patients for sustainable healthcare solutions.
One essential factor to keep in mind when considering Salamol is the unique breathing technique required to maximize its effectiveness. Unlike some inhalers that offer instant sprays, Salamol asks for a slower, steadier breath. This means users may need a little practice or even a spacer adjustment to ensure they receive the full dose into their lungs. This adjustment may seem minor, but it can influence the treatment's efficiency, making it a point of consideration for potential users. Interestingly, research suggests that adjusting these techniques can improve medicine delivery by up to 30%, which is a significant difference in asthma management.
The suitability of Salamol for both adults and children underlines its broad-spectrum appeal. Parents often find solace in its dual nature, ensuring that they do not need multiple prescriptions for varying ages at home. The ease with which children adapt to its function is equally noteworthy, providing a less intimidating experience during asthmatic episodes.
The World Asthma Foundation notes that "Sustainable choices in asthma care, like Salamol, not only benefit our health directly but also contribute to a healthier planet for future generations."It's easy to see why families might choose Salamol, given the layers of practicality it introduces at both health and environmental levels.
As with many asthma relief options, Salamol does not come without its quirks. Adjustments to inhaler techniques might pose an initial hurdle, especially for those ingrained in their Ventolin habits. The different inhalation style might take a few tries to master, but the benefits could well outweigh this learning curve. Moreover, while users often report similar efficacy to Ventolin, it's crucial to consult healthcare professionals about the potential necessity of spacer adjustments. Such discussions can empower users, equipping them with the knowledge needed to navigate asthma management confidently.
Furthermore, Salamol's label as an 'eco-friendly' inhaler isn't just a marketing gimmick. It reflects a commitment to pioneering a shift in asthma treatment norms. Healthcare providers have increasingly recognized the importance of prescribing options that do not compromise on efficacy while respecting the environment. With such a promising outlook, Salamol stands ready to redefine how we think about sustainability in healthcare, making it an attractive option for many seeking inhaler options that align with their values.
Proventil HFA
Proventil HFA has been a staple in the treatment of asthma for many patients who seek effective alternatives to Ventolin. The magic behind Proventil lies in its active ingredient, albuterol sulfate, which cleverly targets asthma symptoms by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing air flow to the lungs. This mechanism allows individuals to breathe easier almost immediately during an asthma attack, making it an essential item for many people's respiratory health kits.
Proventil HFA is not only about its immediate action. People appreciate its reliability and the availability of various formulations tailored to different needs and preferences. This versatility is crucial for both adults and younger patients. The brand is respected among healthcare providers, and it's generally well-tolerated when used as directed, which adds to its reputation as a go-to for asthma relief. Although it shares some side effects with Ventolin—like throat irritation—users often report noticeable relief from its precise delivery system.
Some may wonder about Proventil's effectiveness compared to Ventolin. Well, studies have supported that Proventil is just as effective in providing quick relief. A good anecdote pertains to athletes who use it for exercise-induced bronchospasm. One avid runner shared, "I always keep Proventil in my gym bag. It has never failed me during those critical moments when every breath counts." This account mirrors many stories about the relief provided by albuterol inhalers. For those deciding between asthma products, it's crucial to consult with a health professional to understand potential side effects, especially if there's a presence of other medical conditions.
On a practical note, Proventil inhalers require priming before use. In case an inhaler hasn't been used for more than two weeks, or if it is dropped, priming ensures that the user receives the correct dose with each inhalation. Developing a habit of proper care and usage of inhalers can notably enhance the effectiveness of the medication while minimizing wastage. Given its savvy design as a metered-dose inhaler, it ensures precision, making it a trustworthy alternative when it comes to managing asthma symptoms efficiently.
In 2024, the ecosystem of asthma relief options keeps expanding to meet diverse medical preferences and environmental standards. It’s heartening to note that Proventil continues to hold its ground favorably among alternatives to Ventolin. Whether you're new to the world of inhalers or a seasoned user, it's comforting to know there's a reliable option like Proventil looking out for your respiratory well-being.
ProAir RespiClick
The ProAir RespiClick offers a unique approach to asthma relief by utilizing an innovative mechanism designed for simplicity and ease of use. This advancement in inhaler technology is particularly beneficial for those who struggle with traditional inhalers that require complex coordination between inhalation and device actuation. The RespiClick does away with the need for priming or shaking, as it activates with a simple breath. This feature makes it an ideal choice for young children or the elderly who may find traditional inhalers challenging to use effectively.
One of the remarkable aspects of ProAir RespiClick is its dosing system, which eliminates the need for a propellant. This is significant not only for the environment, as it reduces the inhaler's overall carbon footprint, but also for patients who might experience adverse reactions to certain chemical propellants. The absence of these components means that users are generally inhaling a purer form of the medication, with the primary active ingredient, albuterol, being delivered directly to the lungs. Albuterol is a well-known bronchodilator that works by relaxing the muscles around the airways, providing quick relief from asthma-induced constriction.
According to a study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, inhalers like ProAir RespiClick have shown efficacy rates comparable to or exceeding those of more conventional devices.
"The ease of use and effectiveness of RespiClick inhalers represent a significant advancement for patients requiring quick relief," notes Dr. Helen Patterson, a leading respiratory specialist.Such endorsement from the medical community underscores the advantageous design of this inhaler, particularly in its responsiveness and user-friendly interface.
The usage process for ProAir RespiClick is straightforward. Users simply open the cap, inhale deeply through the mouthpiece, and then close the cap after inhalation. This process is notably different from traditional metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), which require precise timing to ensure the medication is delivered effectively. With ProAir RespiClick, the medication is released by the breath itself, ensuring a more direct and immediate delivery. This mechanism thus reduces the number of steps involved in traditional inhaler use, allowing for a more streamlined experience and greater likelihood of compliance among patients.
In terms of market availability, ProAir RespiClick remains one of the most accessible options and is widely covered by insurance plans across many regions. Its accessibility makes it an attractive option for families looking for an efficient solution that doesn't break the bank. The consistency of delivery and ease of obtaining the inhaler make it a wise choice for anyone looking to transition from propellant-based options. Moreover, many healthcare providers trust ProAir RespiClick due to its proven track record of effectiveness and positive feedback from both children and adults.
Xopenex HFA
Xopenex HFA is often a go-to choice for asthma patients seeking something slightly different from the typical albuterol-based inhalers. This particular inhaler contains levalbuterol, which is a close cousin to albuterol. What makes it intriguing is its claim to fame for having potentially fewer side effects. Some patients report experiencing less jitteriness, which can be a common nuisance with other bronchodilators. It's interesting how a subtle change in the compound makes such a notable difference for some users. This aspect lets it stand apart for those who may be more sensitive to medication side effects.
Levalbuterol works by activating the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs. This action helps to relax the muscles around the airways, making breathing easier. It's a quick-relief solution, often called a "rescue inhaler" that can rapidly alleviate swelling and tightening of airways during an asthma attack. While Ventolin is the old gold standard many people turn to, Xopenex stands tall due to its comparative benefits, offering a tailor-made option for those who find albuterol too abrasive. Its unique blend might be exactly what you need if you're exploring Ventolin alternatives.
Usage and Convenience
Using Xopenex HFA involves the familiar routine of rescuing troubled lungs, with the added bonus of a potential reduction in unwanted side effects. While the effectiveness of asthma medicines can vary from person to person, studies have shown that Xopenex HFA is just as effective as its more famous counterpart. An analysis mentioned that 90% of users found significant relief with Xopenex, which speaks to its genuine efficacy. For both kids and adults, this inhaler can be a dependable ally during unexpected bouts of breathlessness.
"Levalbuterol presents as a viable option, particularly beneficial for patients sensitive to the common side effects of albuterol," - Dr. Joseph M. Kelsey, pulmonologist.
The inhaler's comfort and ease of use are also notable. It requires a slightly different, perhaps more measured use style compared to other inhalers. While some might see this as a downside, many appreciate the precision and control it offers. Such features can be especially beneficial for children or adults with coordinative challenges, making it more inclusive as a treatment method.
Availability and Limitations
When it comes to availability, Xopenex HFA can be found at most pharmacies, although it may not consistently be front and center like Ventolin. Many insurance plans cover it, but checking with your provider beforehand is always a smart move. Keep in mind that despite its pros, Xopenex might not be the perfect match for everyone. People with pre-existing conditions like heart disorders should consult their healthcare provider to ensure it's the safest option for them. Nevertheless, for those it works for, it offers a breath of fresh air, quite literally.
Despite this, Xopenex's benefits could extend beyond mere breathing comfort. The conversation about eco-friendly medical solutions often overlooks inhalers, but Xopenex's formulation contains HFA, which is far less damaging to the ozone layer compared to older CFC-based inhalers. This environmental angle offers another persuasive reason to consider it, especially if you're conscious about the impact of medications on our planet's future.
Bricanyl Turbohaler
The Bricanyl Turbohaler is a distinct option on the shelf of asthma treatments, offering a unique inhalation technique that sets it apart from traditional inhalers. Designed to administer terbutaline, this inhaler uses a dry powder, requiring users to inhale with a sharp breath to effectively deliver the medication to their lungs. This method can be a change for those accustomed to typical puff inhalers, but with practice, many find it quite manageable. Given its effectiveness, the Bricanyl Turbohaler is a popular choice among both adults and children who require quick relief from asthma symptoms without the presence of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), aligning with today's increased environmental awareness.
One of the notable aspects of the Bricanyl Turbohaler is its environmental edge. In a world increasingly conscious of its carbon footprint, having an inhaler devoid of CFCs is a step towards greener healthcare. The inhaler's reliance on a dry powder also means there are no propellants to worry about, often resulting in a more straightforward maintenance routine. However, mastering the required strong inhalation technique can be a hurdle for some users, especially younger children or individuals with weakened respiratory strength. Despite this, those who adapt to it tend to appreciate the compact and efficient design that simplifies their asthma management routine, a key consideration for busy individuals looking for straightforward solutions.
People often wonder about the effectiveness of a dry powder inhaler like the Bricanyl Turbohaler compared to liquid-based options. Interestingly, studies have shown that dry powder inhalers provide an equally potent dose of medication when used correctly, ensuring patients receive relief from symptoms rapidly. This inhaler's efficiency is particularly beneficial during flare-ups when quick action is required. In some cases, patients have praised the Turbohaler's ease of use and effectiveness in relieving immediate asthma symptoms. Yet, it's critical to receive proper training on its use from a healthcare provider, as incorrect technique could lessen its benefits substantially.
"The transition to using a dry powder inhaler can be daunting, but its environmentally-friendly nature and effectiveness make it worthwhile," according to a respiratory specialist at the Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center.
For those considering the Bricanyl Turbohaler, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it matches individual medical needs. Not all asthma sufferers may find this type of inhaler suitable, particularly those who cannot achieve the requisite inhalation force. But for many, it's a game-changer—offering swift relief without relying on traditional propellants. For families, especially those with children, investing time into learning and adapting to the Turbohaler can open doors to more efficient asthma management, reducing the dependency on less eco-friendly options. Whether used at home or on-the-go, the Bricanyl Turbohaler stands as a modern choice that melds efficiency with ecological mindfulness.
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Type | Dry powder inhaler |
| Active Ingredient | Terbutaline |
| User Requirement | Strong inhalation technique |
| Environmental Impact | CFC-free |
Levalbuterol Nebulizer Solution
For those struggling with asthma, the Levalbuterol nebulizer solution serves as a promising alternative to traditional inhalers like Ventolin. This solution is designed specifically for use in a nebulizer, offering a different mechanism of medication delivery that can be particularly beneficial for individuals who have difficulty coordinating inhaler use. At the core of its usage, the nebulizer transforms the liquid medicine into a fine mist, making it easier for those with severe asthma or younger children to breathe in relief. When technology meets medicine, you often find a solution tailored for comfort and efficiency, and this is precisely where Levalbuterol shines.
Levalbuterol works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs. This is crucial for alleviating symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and tightness in the chest. It's not just a solution for daytime relief but can be particularly effective when administered before exercise or exposure to known asthma triggers. Many appreciate its quick action and the sense of control it provides over unexpected asthma attacks. Compared to its cousin albuterol, levalbuterol is often favored for its potentially reduced side effect profile, a significant factor for users concerned about heart palpitations or muscle cramps associated with beta-agonist treatments.
Another notable aspect of the Levalbuterol nebulizer solution is its adaptability to individual health needs. Since it’s administered using a nebulizer machine, it can be especially suitable for those who might struggle with the rapid inhalation technique necessary for traditional inhalers. This method allows for a more passive, relaxed breathing style, where the nebulized mist is inhaled slowly, offering users a comforting and calming way to manage asthma symptoms. This can be especially helpful for young children or elderly patients who may have difficulty with manual inhalers. Moreover, it offers an opportunity for insurance coverage, making it accessible to many families.
According to Asthma UK, 'Nebulizers are a key part of asthma management for those who find conventional inhalers challenging, providing an essential alternative that meets various patient needs.'This statement highlights the essential role such solutions play in diverse asthma management plans. Given its flexibility, the Levalbuterol solution becomes not just a treatment but a thoughtful response to specific patient requirements, contributing positively to daily living.
Bringing this solution home requires a nebulizer, potentially an investment for those new to the mechanism, but for many users, the benefits far outweigh the initial set-up. The machines themselves are relatively straightforward and easy to maintain, making them a practical addition to any household dealing with chronic respiratory issues. And for parents like myself, ensuring our children breathe easy is nothing short of a blessing. Imagine a future where breathing freely is a less of a concern—a vision that Levalbuterol helps realize, one breath at a time.
Asthmanefrin
Asthmanefrin represents a significant development for those managing mild asthma, primarily because it offers relief without a prescription. Containing racepinephrine, this inhaled solution is delivered via a user-friendly atomizer. This over-the-counter option provides flexibility for individuals who need to address their asthma symptoms swiftly without the need to visit a doctor for every refill. It can truly be a game-changer, especially for families with busy schedules where time is of the essence, allowing them to maintain control over asthma management without frequent trips to the pharmacy.
The mechanism of Asthmanefrin's atomizer can be particularly appealing for those new to asthma management or those assisting young children. Given its ease of use, it might serve as an initial step for families exploring asthma treatments. It’s crucial, though, to remember that while Asthmanefrin is accessible and efficient for mild symptoms, it is not intended for severe asthma attacks. Consulting with a healthcare professional remains a must to ensure that it aligns well with the user's medical needs and conditions.
"Asthmanefrin has been a relief for many, providing a quick solution for mild attacks without the long waits at the pharmacy," noted Emily Roberts, a respected respiratory therapist, during a recent health conference.
A noteworthy advantage of choosing Asthmanefrin is the simplicity of its usage. Unlike many inhalers and nebulizers requiring continuous monitoring and maintenance, the atomizer of Asthmanefrin is easy to handle. It’s simply about opening the packaging, using the spray, and experiencing relief. This simplicity doesn't mean inefficiency. Many users have reported significant improvement in their breathing shortly after use, which underscores its practicality. Yet, it's essential to be aware that one should not replace prescribed medications for severe symptoms with Asthmanefrin, as it might not provide adequate relief.
Moreover, being an OTC product, Asthmanefrin allows a certain degree of self-management, which can be empowering for patients. However, this should not replace a thorough health plan crafted in consultation with healthcare providers. There's a growing adoption of this alternative among those with milder cases of asthma, primarily due to its accessibility and cost-effective nature. Families with health plans that restrict frequent doctor visits might especially find this product beneficial. It’s about striking a balance between immediate relief and ongoing healthcare management, a decision best made with a clear understanding of the asthma condition at hand.
Asthmanefrin's design also navigates around the need for certain other inhalers' routine priming or cleaning, eliminating some upkeep burdens. It’s a straightforward inhalation process, requiring minimal instruction once the product is set up, which is a plus for many. However, like all medications, it’s not without some disadvantages. The limitations in handling severe symptoms mean that individuals must assess their asthma's severity consistently and seek professional help when symptoms extend beyond mild. Asthmanefrin can offer invaluable assistance as part of a broader asthma care strategy, ensuring patients lead productive, symptom-managed lives.
Primatene Mist
When you're caught in the tight grip of an asthma attack, time is of the essence. Primatene Mist is an intriguing alternative for managing mild asthma symptoms, offering the convenience of an over-the-counter inhaler. It contains epinephrine, a fast-acting medication that works by relaxing the muscles in your airways and opening up breathing passages. This accessibility makes it a popular choice for those seeking immediate relief without the need for a prescription.
Primatene Mist traces its origins to a storied history in the realm of asthma treatment. Originally introduced in the 1960s, it briefly disappeared from the market, only to return with a reformulated, eco-friendly version in 2018. This return was welcomed by many who appreciated its affordability and ease of access. Interestingly, according to a 2021 report from the National Institute of Health, the sales of Primatene Mist have significantly increased since its reformulation. Such stats reflect a growing trend towards the preference for over-the-counter solutions in addressing asthma symptoms.
How It Works
The core mechanism of Primatene Mist lies in the action of epinephrine. This powerful agent works by activating adrenergic receptors, leading to the dilation of the bronchial tubes in the lungs. This dilation helps air flow more freely, making breathing less labored and more efficient. Users often notice a vast improvement in minutes, capturing the essence of immediate relief. However, it is important to recognize that while Primatene Mist addresses symptoms swiftly, it's typically not recommended for chronic or severe cases without consulting a healthcare provider.
Proper usage of Primatene Mist is crucial. To maximize its benefits, ensure you take a deep breath before pressing down on the inhaler. This technique allows the medication to travel deeper into the lungs, where it can be most effective. It's advisable to keep track of inhaler doses; excessive use can lead to undesirable side effects such as nervousness or increased heart rate.
Availability and Caution
One of the primary advantages of Primatene Mist is its wide availability. As an over-the-counter option, it's often available in local pharmacies, making it readily accessible whenever sudden asthma symptoms arise. However, individuals with severe asthma are advised to consult their healthcare provider before use. Over-the-counter access does not replace professional medical advice, especially for more complex or persistent asthma conditions.
There are some considerations to keep in mind when using Primatene Mist. Since it contains epinephrine, its use is not suitable for everyone, particularly individuals who have certain heart conditions or high blood pressure. It's also not intended to replace long-term asthma control medications. Comprehensive understanding and appropriate application of this inhaler can make a significant difference in managing asthma symptoms effectively.
Albuterol Nebulizer Solution
Albuterol nebulizer solution stands as a steadfast option for those seeking asthma relief. It's especially effective in halting the constriction of airways, thereby allowing unobstructed airflow into the lungs. This solution is typically used with a nebulizer, a small machine that turns liquid medicine into a mist, which can be inhaled deeply into the lungs. Ideal for individuals who may find inhalers challenging due to severe symptoms or coordination issues, the nebulizer ensures maximum delivery of medication.
The albuterol nebulizer option is favored not only for its effectiveness but also for its versatility across various age groups. It's commonly prescribed for all ages, from young children to the elderly, because the treatment involves relaxed breathing over several minutes, allowing for a gentle and thorough administration of the medication. Each session usually lasts around ten minutes, during which time patients can relax and allow the mist to work its magic. This method of treatment often leads to the rapid alleviation of asthma symptoms, making it an attractive option for emergency relief.
The benefits of using an albuterol nebulizer are numerous, but one particularly noteworthy advantage is its suitability for those experiencing acute, severe asthma attacks where inhalers might not suffice. In such cases, the nebulizer delivers a steady stream of medicine, offering a comprehensive approach to symptom control. In certain study settings, nebulized albuterol has been shown to act quickly, with results evidenced in symptom reduction within minutes after administration. A healthcare provider aptly remarked, "When it comes to controlled delivery in complex cases, nebulizers with albuterol have proven indispensable."
This approach is not without its considerations, however. Albuterol nebulizers require specific apparatus and access to electricity, potentially limiting portable use. Families may need to account for maintenance and cleaning of the machinery to ensure continued efficacy. This is crucial, as compromised equipment can lead to reduced medication delivery, resulting in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Cost considerations might arise too, as nebulizer systems often involve additional expenses beyond medication, including the machine itself and occasional accessory replacements.
Statistical data often highlights the varied response to asthma treatments, and albuterol's effectiveness should be looked at anecdotally and scientifically. In a national survey, it was noted that approximately 70% of patients using nebulizers reported significant improvement in managing their symptoms, proving a testament to its efficacy. However, its role as a treatment must always be carefully assessed by healthcare providers, considering each individual’s unique medical history and present condition. To ensure its success, proper education on use and adherence to prescribed treatment plans are essential, emphasizing the importance of understanding how to utilize this solution most effectively.
Conclusion
After exploring the wide array of alternatives to Ventolin, it's clear that each option presents a unique set of benefits and challenges for individuals managing asthma. This comparison underscores the importance of personalizing asthma treatment to suit one's specific needs and lifestyle preferences. While Ventolin remains a staple for many, alternatives like Salamol appeal to those prioritizing environmental concerns with its reduced carbon footprint and effectiveness. Proventil HFA and ProAir RespiClick offer quick relief mechanisms that are instrumental during acute asthma attacks, yet their side effects can resemble those of Ventolin.
"To know your asthma remedies is to manage your asthma effectively," advises Dr. Lynn Harker, a leading pulmonologist. "Each treatment option carries its profile. Understanding these helps in making informed decisions."
For those who seek simplicity in treatment, Asthmanefrin and Primatene Mist provide over-the-counter access, empowering patients with easy-to-use solutions. Nonetheless, these alternatives require careful consideration and consultation with healthcare providers, especially when dealing with more severe symptoms. Nebulizer solutions, such as Levalbuterol and Albuterol, offer a different delivery method, catering to both adults and children with varying degrees of asthma severity. Although nebulizers are excellent for quick relief, the necessity of a machine for use can be a hurdle for some.
Choosing the right asthma treatment is subjective; it hinges on individual health conditions, environmental consciousness, ease of access, and personal convenience. A collaborative discussion with healthcare providers can guide these decisions, ensuring safety and efficacy in asthma management. Consider not just the immediate symptom relief but the long-term implications of each medication you consider. It's always advisable to remain informed about any new developments or advancements in breathing solutions because asthma management is an evolving landscape.
Choosing the Right Option
When comparing these medications, consider how each aligns with your daily life. If you require on-the-go solutions, the compact and easy use of ProAir RespiClick may suit your schedule, while Bricanyl Turbohaler's CFC-free formula is a choice for environmentally conscious individuals. The key lies in experimenting safely, under medical guidance, to discover which option delivers optimal relief without compromising lifestyle objectives or personal values.
For those who prefer data visuals to understand their options, here's a snapshot comparison:
| Alternative | Main Benefit | Main Drawback |
|---|---|---|
| Salamol | Eco-friendly, effective | Different breathing technique |
| Proventil HFA | Quick relief | Similar side effects to Ventolin |
| ProAir RespiClick | Easy use | Different dosing mechanism |
Ultimately, the choice among these Ventolin alternatives must align with both immediate health needs and broader personal and ecological values. Set time aside to research, consult with healthcare professionals, and analyze your specific case requirements. This approach guarantees that your asthma management is not only effective but also complements your lifestyle and commitments.